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The Pennsylvania State College The Graduate School Department of Health and Physical Education The Status of Physical Education in Certain Public Elementary Schools of Pennsylvania Including a Syllabus in Physical Education for College Students in Elementary Education A dissertation fcy Mary Elizabeth Dixon Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education August 195' Approved; ^ Tn Charger n f* Professional c*q -v 1 Preparation and Research In of /J ZffjTX ' t l‘ jS"U zsJ. (R n ifOuLJLP IV sociate Professor of education Cl 4I istant Prof ical Education Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Sincere thanks and appreciation are expressed to Dr. Lloyd M. Jones, chairman, Dr. Edward B. Van Ormer, Dr. Paul W. Bixby, Dr. Gerhard E. Ehmann, and Dr. John W. Masley, members of the committee guiding this study for their guidance, encouragement, and invaluable assistance in the solution of many problems. I am indeed grateful to the superintendents, principals, and classroom teachers whose cooperation made this study possible. To my family and many friends for their encouragement through out the work I extend my sincere thanks. M. E. D. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. T A B L E O F C O N TEN TS C HAPTER I. PAGE 1 INTRODUCTION.................................... Introduction*........... *...... Statement of the problem. ....... *.......... Definition of terms used*.................... * limitations of the study*.......... *........ Importance of the problem* •*•• II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE..................... 9 Studies on professional preparation and curriculum requirements in teachereducation*...............* * Literature on organization and administration of physical education in elementary schools. Programs of physical education in elementary schools ••• Status of physical education in elementary schools *................. *. The classroom teacher as the physical education teacher* ........ * ...*• Recess periods in elementary schools......... . Summary* ...........*..................... III. THE PROCEDURES USED IN THE STUDY.............. 8 11 13 19 22 25 26 28 Subjects*. .............. The schools.••••......... Selecting the sample. ........ The teachers. .............. Summary. ........... Measures...................................... School survey checklists.................... Personnel c h e c k l i s t s ....... Construction of the c h e c k l i s t s Procedures .... •••••.......... Interviews with superintendents......... 38 School visits............. Collection of personnel data.••••••......... Summary. ...•••.... ................. . o Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. 1 3 3 1; k 28 28 28 36 36 36 36 37 37 38 38 ip I4O ±i C H APTER IV. PAGE ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE DATA......... bZ Administration...... ............... ..... . Program. ........ Instruction in physicaleducation... Summary....... ..«•«• Recess periods in elementary schools....... Intramural athletics in the elementary schools ...••••.......... Interschool athletics in elementary schools .....a Summary. .................... • Facilities............... Facilities on outdoor play areas.. Equipment....... Kinds of equipment. ....... Sources of money for equipment........... Selection of