E-Book Overview
This book offers a comprehensive overview of thermodynamics. It is divided into four parts, the first of which equips readers with a deeper understanding of the fundamental principles of thermodynamics of equilibrium states and of their evolution. The second part applies these principles to a series of generalized situations, presenting applications that are of interest both in their own right and in terms of demonstrating how thermodynamics, as a theory of principle, relates to different fields. In turn, the third part focuses on non-equilibrium configurations and the dynamics of natural processes. It discusses both discontinuous and continuous systems, highlighting the interference among non-equilibrium processes, and the nature of stationary states and of fluctuations in isolated systems. Lastly, part four introduces the relation between physics and information theory, which constitutes a new frontier in fundamental research. The book includes step-by-step exercises, with solutions, to help readers to gain a fuller understanding of the subjects, and also features a series of appendices providing useful mathematical formulae. Reflecting the content of modern university courses on thermodynamics, it is a valuable resource for students and young scientists in the fields of physics, chemistry, and engineering.
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UNITEXT for Physics Antonio Saggion Rossella Faraldo Matteo Pierno Thermodynamics Fundamental Principles and Applications UNITEXT for Physics Series Editors Michele Cini, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy Attilio Ferrari, University of Turin, Turin, Italy Stefano Forte, University of Milan, Milan, Italy Guido Montagna, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy Oreste Nicrosini, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy Luca Peliti, University of Napoli, Naples, Italy Alberto Rotondi, Pavia, Italy Paolo Biscari, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy Nicola Manini, University of Milan, Milan, Italy Morten Hjorth-Jensen, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway UNITEXT for Physics series, formerly UNITEXT Collana di Fisica e Astronomia, publishes textbooks and monographs in Physics and Astronomy, mainly in English language, characterized of a didactic style and comprehensiveness. The books published in UNITEXT for Physics series are addressed to graduate and advanced graduate students, but also to scientists and researchers as important resources for their education, knowledge and teaching. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13351 Antonio Saggion Rossella Faraldo Matteo Pierno • • Thermodynamics Fundamental Principles and Applications 123 Antonio Saggion Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Galileo Galilei” Università di Padova Padova, Italy Rossella Faraldo Liceo Statale “Celio-Roccati” Via G. Carducci, 8 45100 Rovigo, Italy Matteo Pierno Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Galileo Galilei” Università di Padova Padova, Italy ISSN 2198-7882 ISSN 2198-7890 (electronic) UNITEXT for Physics ISBN 978-3-030-26975-3 ISBN 978-3-030-26976-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26976-0 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the