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This volume is a collection of essays on classical Persian literature, focusing on Persian rhetorical devices, especially imagery and metaphors. The various contributions discuss the origin and the development of debate poetry, the transmission of Persian and Arabic tales to the works of Europeans medieval authors such as Boccaccio and Chaucer, but also the development of Aristotelian poetics and epistemology in Persian philosophical tradition. Furthermore, the baroque style of the Shiʿite author Ḥusayn Vāʾiẓ Kāshifī, the use of wine metaphors by mystics such as Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī, Ḥāfiẓ’s original use of candle metaphors, the translation of Khayyām’s metaphors into English, and the importance of a single metaphor in the epic Barzū-nāma are discussed. Contributors include: F. Abdullaeva, G.R. van den Berg, J. Landau, F.D. Lewis, N. Pourjavady, Ch. van Ruymbeke, A. Sedighi and S. Sharma
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Metaphor and Imagery in Persian Poetry Iran Studies Editorial Board Ali Gheissari University of San Diego, CA Roy P. Mottahedeh Harvard University Yann Richard Sorbonne Nouvelle Christoph Werner University of Marburg VOLUME 6 Metaphor and Imagery in Persian Poetry Edited by Ali Asghar Seyed-Gohrab LEIDEN • BOSTON 2012 Cover illustration: Combat between Rostam and Sohrab. Courtesy of the Leiden University Library, Cod.Or. 494, f. 90 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Seyed-Gohrab, A. A. (Ali Asghar), 1968 Metaphor and imagery in Persian poetry / edited by Ali-Asghar Seyed-Gohrab. p. cm. — (Iran studies, ISSN 1569-7401 ; v. 6) Includes index. ISBN 978-90-04-21125-4 (hardback : acid-free paper) 1. Persian poetry—History and criticism. 2. Imagery (Psychology) in literature. 3. Metaphor in literature. 4. Poetics—History. I. Title. PK6420.I43S49 2011 891’.51—dc23 2011034528 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.nl/brill-typeface. ISSN 1569-7401 ISBN 978 90 04 21125 4 Copyright 2012 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. To Johan ter Haar CONTENTS Acknowledgеments ......................................................................................... ix Introduction: Persian Rhetorical Figures .................................................. A.A. Seyed-Gohrab 1 Naṣīr al-Dīn Ṭūsī and Poetic Imagination in the Arabic and Persian Philosophical Tradition ............................................................................. J. Landau Kāshifī’s Powerful Metaphor: The Energising Trope ............................ Ch. van Ruymbeke 15 67 Waxing Eloquent: The Masterful Variations on Candle Metaphors in the Poetry of Ḥāfijiẓ and his Predecessors ....................................... A.A. Seyed-Gohrab 81 Love and the Metaphors of Wine and Drunkenness in Persian Sufiji Poetry .........