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Tectonics and Geochemistry of the Northeastern Caribbean Edited by Edward G. Lidiak Department of Geology and Planetary Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260 and David K. Larue Chevron Petroleum Technology Company P.O. Box 446 La Habra, California 90633-0446 322 1998 Copyright © 1998, The Geological Society of America, Inc. (GSA). All rights reserved. GSA grants permission to individual scientists to make unlimited photocopies of one or more items from this volume for noncommercial purposes advancing science or education, including classroom use. Permission is granted to individuals to make photocopies of any item in this volume for other noncommercial, nonprofit purposes provided that the appropriate fee ($0.25 per page) is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, 27 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, phone (508) 7443350 (include title and ISBN when paying). Written permission is required from GSA for all other forms of capture or reproduction of any item in the volume including, but not limited to, all types of electronic or digital scanning or other digital or manual transformation of articles or any portion thereof, such as abstracts, into computerreadable and/or transmittable form for personal or corporate use, either noncommercial or commercial, for-profit or otherwise. Send permission requests to GSA Copyrights. Copyright is not claimed on any material prepared wholly by government employees within the scope of their employment. Published by The Geological Society of America, Inc. 3300 Penrose Place, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, Colorado 80301 Printed in U.S.A. GSA Books Science Editor Abhijit Basu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tectonics and geochemistry of the northeastern Caribbean / edited by Edward G. Lidiak and David K. Larue. p. cm. -- (Special paper ; 322) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8137-2322-1 1. Geology--Puerto Rico. 2. Geochemistry--Puerto Rico. 3. Geology, Structural--Caribbean Area. I. Lidiak, Edward G. II. Larue, D. K. III. Series: Special papers (Geological Society of America) ; 322. QE225.T43 1998 557.295-- dc21 97-51386 CIP Cover: Puerto Rico and the neighboring islands of Culebra and Vieques viewed from orbit by Gemini V in 1966, at the height of the U.S. Geological Survey Puerto Rico Mapping Project. Main topographic features: Cordillera Central, westtrending mountains in south-central Puerto Rico; Sierra de Cayey, southeast Puerto Rico; Sierra de Luquillo, northeast Puerto Rico. Photograph by NASA. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ii Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v 1. Volcanism, tectonics, and stratigraphic correlations in Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Wayne T. Jolly, Edward G. Lidiak, Johannes H. Schellekens, and Hernan Santos 2. Geochemical evolution and tectonic history of Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Johannes H. Schellekens 3. Geochemical diversity of Mesozoic island arc tectonic blocks in eastern Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Wayne T. Jolly, Edward G. Lidiak, Alan P. Dickin, and Tsai-Way Wu 4. Batholiths as markers of tectonic change in the northeastern Caribbean . . . . . . . . 99 Alan L. Smith, Johannes H. Schellekens, and Amalys-Luz Muriel Díaz 5. Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic characterization of Cretaceous and Paleogene volcanic and plutonic island arc rocks from Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Carol D. Frost, Johannes H. Schellekens, and Alan L. Smith 6. Geochemistry of intrusive igneous rocks, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands . . . . . . . . 133 Edward G. Li