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This dissertation demonstrates that the poetry of Geoffrey Chaucer and John Lydgate joined nonliterary medical texts in transporting medical discourse into the English language and culture. In the later-fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, the production of Middle English medical and literary texts increased dramatically. These categories overlapped at the site of medical verse. I show that authors of imaginative fiction also wrote what is in effect medical verse by employing medical discourse in stand-alone poems and in passages embedded in longer works. As Chaucer and Lydgate became central in an emergent national literary canon, their texts––and the medical content they contained––enjoyed an especially broad circulation. Thus Chaucer and Lydgate participated in the Englishing and popularization of medical discourse. In the General Prologue and linking narratives of the Canterbury Tales, Chaucer satirizes academic medicine by means of its own discourse––what he calls the “termes of phisik”––and in the context of a larger thematic exploration of healing and illness in post- Black Death England. In the Knight’s tale, Chaucer includes a miniature verse treatise on lovesickness (amor hereos), which, despite its brevity and satiric quality, draws learnedly from contemporary medical theory, in effect constituting one of the best-known technical works on the subject in Middle English. Lydgate’s Dietary, a verse regimen of physical, spiritual, and social health, was one of the most widely circulated Middle English poems. It has been overlooked and misunderstood by scholars, however, because they have neglected to consider the poem’s complex relationship with its sources and analogues and often refer to a highly unrepresentative edition of the text. By locating Chaucer’s and Lydgate’s creative uses of medical discourse within their textual and historical contexts, I offer new readings of their poems and reconstruct their respective roles in English medical history.
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“Termes of Phisik”: Reading Between Literary and Medical Discourses in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales and John Lydgate’s Dietary By Jake Walsh Morrissey Department of English McGill University, Montreal February, 2011 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy © Jake Walsh Morrissey, 2011 Library and Archives Canada Bibliothèque et Archives Canada Published Heritage Branch Direction du Patrimoine de l'édition 395 Wellington Street Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-77569-1 Our file Notre référence ISBN: NOTICE: 978-0-494-77569-1 AVIS: The author has granted a nonexclusive license allowing Library and Archives Canada to reproduce, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, communicate to the public by telecommunication or on the Internet, loan, distrbute and sell theses worldwide, for commercial or noncommercial purposes, in microform, paper, electronic and/or any other formats. L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public par télécommunication ou par l'Internet, prêter, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans le monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, sur support microforme, papier, électronique et/ou autres formats. The author retains copyright ownership and moral rights in this thesis. Neither the thesis nor substantial extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. L'auteur conserve la propriété du droit d'auteur et des droits moraux qui protege