E-Book Overview
conceptual, realist) theories of predication. Chapter IV.4 centers on an important class of expressions used for predication in connection with quantities: mass expressions. This chapter reviews the most well-known approaches to mass terms and the ontological proposals related to them. In addition to quantification and predication, matters of reference have constituted the other overriding theme for semantic theories in both philosophical logic and the semantics of natural languages. Chapter IV.5 of how the semantics of proper names and descrip presents an overview tions have been dealt with in recent theories of reference. Chapter IV.6 is concerned with the context-dependence of reference, in particular, with the semantics of indexical expressions. The topic of Chapter IV.7 is related to predication as it surveys some of the central problems of ascribing propositional attitudes to agents. Chap ter IV.8 deals with the analysis of the main temporal aspects of natural language utterances. Together these two chapters give a good indication of the intricate complexities that arise once modalities of one or the other sort enter on the semantic stage. in philosophical Chapter IV.9 deals with another well-known topic logic: presupposition, an issue on the borderline of semantics and prag matics. The volume closes with an extensive study of the Liar paradox and its many implications for the study of language (as for example, self reference, truth concepts and truth definitions).
E-Book Content
HANDBOOK OF PHILOSOPHICAL LOGIC VOLUME IV SYNTHESE LIBRARY STUDIES IN EPISTEMOLOGY, LOGIC, METHODOLOGY, AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Managing Editor: JAAKKO HINTIKKA, Florida State University, Tallahassee Editors: University of California, Berkeley Univerity of Leyden WESLEY C. SALMON, University of Pittsburgh DON ALD DAVIDSON, GABRIEL NUCHELMANS, VOLUME 167 HANDBOOK OF PHILOSOPHICAL LOGIC Volume IV: Topics in the Philosophy of Language Edited by D. GABBAY Department of Computing, Imperial College, London, England and F. GUENTHNER SNS, University of Tiibingen, West Germany D. REIDEL PUBLISHING COMPANY A MEMBER OF THE KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP DORDRECHT I BOSTON I LONDON Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Toplcs ln the phl1osophy of language I edlted by D. Gabbay and F. Guenthner. cm. -- (Handbook of phl1osophlcal logiC; v. 4) (Synthese p. 11brary ; v. 167) Includes blbliographles and lndexes. ISBN-13: 978-94-010-7021-8 (Netherlands) e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-1171-0 001: 10.1007/978-94-009-1171-0 1. Language and loglC. 2. Languages--Phl1osophy. I. Gabbay, Dov M., 1945II. Guenthner, Franz. III. Series. IV. Serles: Synthese library; v. 167. BC6.H36 1983 vol. 4 [P39] 160 s--dc19 [401] 88-18404 CIP ISBN-13: 978-94-010-7021-8 (v. IV) Published by D. Reidel Publishing Company P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A. In all other countries, sold and distributed by Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands All Rights Reserved Reidel Publishing Company Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1989 © 1989 by D. No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner CONTENTS TO VOLUME IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Vll PREFACE IX A NOTE ON NOTATION XI IV.I DAG WESTERSTAHL I Qua