E-Book Overview
READING FOR RESULTS, 11e, is the mid-level text in the ever-popular reading series by Laraine Flemming, which includes READING KEYS (beginning level) and READING FOR THINKING (advanced level). This hallmark developmental reading text is filled with stimulating readings that range in length from single paragraphs to textbook excerpts. Chapters and explanations are carefully structured so that each skill builds on the previous one until students are ready to tackle longer, multi-paragraph selections. By Chapter 11, "More on Purpose, Tone, and Bias," students are ready to think about the basic structure of an argument and lay the foundations for critical thinking. The 11th edition features a wealth of enhancements. A new Chapter 7, "Drawing Inferences from Visual Aids," shows students how to read and interpret charts and graphs, as well as how such visuals connect to the text. The 11th edition also includes increased emphasis on vocabulary building, with over two hundred new words - many drawn from academic texts - which are introduced in context and defined in footnotes. A new "Summing Up the Key Points" box presents the chapter's key concepts; a few pages later, a brief "Check Your Understanding" quiz asks students to recap those key concepts. And techniques of outlining and diagramming are presented with visual examples for students to follow as well as diagrams to complete.
E-Book Content
Glossary of Comprehension and Critical Thinking Terms Allusions are references making comparisons to people, events, or places that clarify and make vivid a writer’s point, e.g., “The boxer was strong, but when it came to speed, he was no Muhammad Ali.” Allusions Writers present readers with an opinion or conclusion followed by reasons, statistics, studies, or other evidence designed to convince readers to share the writer’s point of view. Bias Bias in writing reveals the author’s personal inclination to support or criticize a particular idea or event. Cause and effect pattern Readings that rely on the organization pattern show how one event produced or led to another. Chains of repetition and reference Chains of repetition and reference consist of nouns, pronouns, synonyms, and implied or associated words that help the writer identify the topic and main idea for the reader. Circular reasoning Writers who employ circular reasoning use different words to say the same thing twice. Classification pattern Readings relying on the classification pattern describe how some larger group can be broken down into subgroups, each with its own set of specific characteristics. Comparison and contrast pattern Readings that rely on the comparison and contrast pattern of development highlight the similarities or differences between two topics. Sometimes authors who use this pattern do both; they point out the similarities and the differences between two topics. Concept maps Used for note-taking, concept maps show the main point of a reading in the center of the page with supporting details recorded on spokes, or lines, attached to the main idea. Conclusions Conclusions are inferences a reader draws based on the writer’s actual statements. However, they are not necessarily intended by the writer. Connotations The associations, positive or negative, that come with a word. Context The context of a word is the sentence or passage in which the word appears. Arguments Definition pattern This organizational pattern usually begins with the word being defined highlighted or emphasized through the use of quotation marks, colored ink, boldface, or italics. Then the definition follows right after the word’s first appearance. The dictionary meaning of a word. Explicit and implicit When a fact or idea is explicit, it’s stated in the text. When a fact or idea is implicit it’s suggested but not put into words. Facts Statements of fact describe wi