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This is the first textbook on clinical fMRI. It is devoted to preoperative fMRI in patients with brain tumors and epilepsies, which are the most well-established clinical applications. State-of-the-art fMRI procedures are presented, with detailed consideration of the physiological and methodological background, imaging and data processing, normal and pathological findings, diagnostic possibilities and limitations, and other related techniques.
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Contents MEDICAL RADIOLOGY Diagnostic Imaging Editors: A. L. Baert, Leuven M. Knauth, Göttingen K. Sartor, Heidelberg I Contents C. Stippich (Ed.) Clinical Functional MRI Presurgical Functional Neuroimaging With Contributions by M. Blatow · C. Delmaire · H. Duffau · M. Eyssen · R. Goebel · F. D. Juengling J. Kassubek · S. Kovacs · K. Krakow · S. Lehéricy · U. Lengler · T. P. Naidich R. Peeters · C. Sage · C. Stippich · S. Sunaert · B. Thomas · V. Tronnier P.-F. Van de Moortele · T. A. Yousry Foreword by K. Sartor With 123 Figures in 200 Separate Illustrations, 151 in Color 123 III IV Contents C. Stippich, MD Division of Neuroradiology Department of Neuroradiology Im Neuenheimer Feld 400 69120 Heidelberg Germany Medical Radiology · Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology Series Editors: A. L. Baert · L. W. Brady · H.-P. Heilmann · M. Knauth · M. Molls · C. Nieder · K. Sartor Continuation of Handbuch der medizinischen Radiologie Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology Library of Congress Control Number: 2006927570 ISBN 978-3-540-24469-1 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitations, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media http//www.springer.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Medical Editor: Dr. Ute Heilmann, Heidelberg Desk Editor: Ursula N. Davis, Heidelberg Production Editor: Kurt Teichmann, Mauer Cover-Design and Typesetting: Verlagsservice Teichmann, Mauer Printed on acid-free paper – 21/3151xq – 5 4 3 2 1 0 Contents To my beloved family Alexandra, Tim and Jan home, source of energy and contentment V Contents Foreword After functional mapping of the brain by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was found to be feasible in the early 1990s, many neuroscientists involved in research on brain function became interested in functional MRI (fMRI). In contrast to positron emission computed tomography (PET), which was used for many years to study brain function, fMRI is not based on ionizing radiation and thus can be repeated as often as necessary in patients or normal volunteers. The novel imaging method gained further in popularity when stronger magnets, stronger and faster gradients and more advanced software for data